build: Use clang-cl to build on Windows natively #31507

hebasto commented at 10:58 AM on December 16, 2024: member

Building on Windows using Clang instead of the MS compiler may be beneficial, considering the issues with the latter, as outlined in #31456:

non-optimized codegen: build: remove need to test for endianness [#29852](/github-metadata-backup-bitcoin-bitcoin/29852/) (comment)

compile failure: MSVC 17.12.0 internal compiler error [#31303](/github-metadata-backup-bitcoin-bitcoin/31303/)

legal, but brittle stdlib: util: Drop boost posix_time in ParseISO8601DateTime [#31391](/github-metadata-backup-bitcoin-bitcoin/31391/) (comment)

unspecified issue: refactor: Check translatable format strings at compile-time [#31061](/github-metadata-backup-bitcoin-bitcoin/31061/) (comment)

Additionally, MSVC does not support inline assembly on the ARM and x64 processors.

So this PR:

Closes #31456 (and addresses #14118).
Could be an alternative to #24773.

Additionally, clang-cl:

Produces binaries with better performance. For example:

MSVC, block/s	clang-cl, block/s	benchmark

| 7.40 | 11.52 | ConnectBlockAllEcdsa | 7.32 | 11.81 | ConnectBlockAllSchnorr | 7.38 | 11.45 | ConnectBlockMixedEcdsaSchnorr | 91.86 | 143.12 | DeserializeAndCheckBlockTest | 121.46 | 189.04 | DeserializeBlockTest

Builds faster on the CI:
- MSVC - 20m 35s
- clang-cl - 12m 43s

hebasto added the label Windows on Dec 16, 2024

hebasto added the label Build system on Dec 16, 2024

DrahtBot commented at 10:58 AM on December 16, 2024: contributor

The following sections might be updated with supplementary metadata relevant to reviewers and maintainers.

Code Coverage & Benchmarks

For details see: https://corecheck.dev/bitcoin/bitcoin/pulls/31507.

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Reviewers, this pull request conflicts with the following ones:

#35313 (Bump leveldb subtree by fanquake)

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Possible typos and grammar issues:

“More likely to happen with no, or lower levels of optimisation.” -> “More likely to happen with no optimization, or lower levels of optimisation.” [The “with no” phrasing is grammatically broken/ambiguous; it’s unclear without guessing it means “-O0” / “no optimisation”.]

DrahtBot added the label CI failed on Dec 16, 2024

DrahtBot commented at 12:00 PM on December 16, 2024: contributor

🚧 At least one of the CI tasks failed. <sub>Debug: https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/runs/34465651629</sub>

<details><summary>Hints</summary>

Try to run the tests locally, according to the documentation. However, a CI failure may still happen due to a number of reasons, for example:

Possibly due to a silent merge conflict (the changes in this pull request being incompatible with the current code in the target branch). If so, make sure to rebase on the latest commit of the target branch.
A sanitizer issue, which can only be found by compiling with the sanitizer and running the affected test.
An intermittent issue.

Leave a comment here, if you need help tracking down a confusing failure.

</details>

maflcko commented at 12:52 PM on December 16, 2024: member

Seems fine to add this, because it is easy to remove and can increase the build compatibly in the meantime.

Also, it allows to evaluate the codegen, which could be substantially better than msvc, or detect more msvc bugs.

If there are enough benefits to clang-cl, the docs could be updated to use it and msvc could be dropped from the docs and possibly CI.

fanquake commented at 12:54 PM on December 16, 2024: member

Also, it allows to evaluate the codegen, which could be substantially better than msvc, or detect more msvc bugs.

Does it? My read of the docs was that clang just tries to internally work around all the MSVC bugs, so it seems like it will just continue to "hide" issues?

hebasto commented at 1:33 PM on December 16, 2024: member

From #31456#issue-2729797132:

MSVC has many issues, for example:

compile failure: MSVC 17.12.0 internal compiler error [#31303](/github-metadata-backup-bitcoin-bitcoin/31303/)

Added two commits that enable compiling fuzz/utxo_snapshot.cpp with clang-cl and switch "Win64 native, fuzz" job to clang-cl.

in cmake/module/TryAppendCXXFlags.cmake:122 in 49cfcaf254 outdated

 119 | @@ -120,7 +120,11 @@ function(try_append_cxx_flags flags)
 120 |  endfunction()
 121 |  
 122 |  if(MSVC)

theuni commented at 7:44 PM on December 16, 2024:

Can't the if(MSVC) go away and we just rely on the CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID test?

hebasto commented at 12:08 PM on December 17, 2024:

In this case, I think we do want to check MSVC, as it separates MSVC specific syntax /WX from GCC syntax -Werror.

theuni commented at 7:46 PM on December 16, 2024: member

At a high level.. seems to me we want to avoid doing if(MSVC) as much as possible and instead check against the compiler id, no? Except for the cases where we REALLY mean MSVC.

theuni commented at 8:02 PM on December 16, 2024: member

Hmm, actually, it seems like maybe CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_FRONTEND_VARIANT is what we should be testing against?

hebasto force-pushed on Dec 17, 2024

fanquake commented at 11:49 AM on December 17, 2024: member

< to be added >

It'd be good if this could actually be filled in, so it's clear what the goals are / what's trying to be acheived here.

hebasto commented at 12:11 PM on December 17, 2024: member

Hmm, actually, it seems like maybe CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_FRONTEND_VARIANT is what we should be testing against?

It doesn't seem reliable, as it might not be set at all for CMake versions < 3.26.

DrahtBot added the label Needs rebase on Jan 27, 2025

hebasto force-pushed on Mar 10, 2025

hebasto commented at 5:47 PM on March 10, 2025: member

Rebased on #32028.

hebasto force-pushed on Mar 10, 2025

DrahtBot removed the label CI failed on Mar 10, 2025

DrahtBot removed the label Needs rebase on Mar 10, 2025

hebasto commented at 3:28 PM on March 11, 2025: member

< to be added >

It'd be good if this could actually be filled in, so it's clear what the goals are / what's trying to be acheived here.

Done.

hebasto force-pushed on Mar 11, 2025

in cmake/leveldb.cmake:98 in 80e7e80a6d

  96 |      IF_CHECK_PASSED "-Wno-conditional-uninitialized"
  97 |    )
  98 |    try_append_cxx_flags("-Wsuggest-override" TARGET nowarn_leveldb_interface SKIP_LINK
  99 |      IF_CHECK_PASSED "-Wno-suggest-override"
 100 |    )
 101 | +  try_append_cxx_flags("-Wunused-member-function" TARGET nowarn_leveldb_interface SKIP_LINK

fanquake commented at 3:39 AM on March 12, 2025:

In 76659d92f1925f561736ffe0f070ed0b9fef8d23: It'd be good if commits like this could contain actual details, rather than just "Adjust diagnostic flags"; especially given this is touching non-Windows code. Also, any reason to not fix the issues in leveldb, rather than adding more suppressions?

hebasto commented at 11:58 AM on May 17, 2025:

More details have been added to the commit message.

Also, any reason to not fix the issues in leveldb, rather than adding more suppressions?

I'll consider this option.

hebasto commented at 10:10 PM on May 17, 2025:

Also, any reason to not fix the issues in leveldb, rather than adding more suppressions?

I'll consider this option.

Please see https://github.com/bitcoin-core/leveldb-subtree/pull/53.

DrahtBot added the label Needs rebase on Mar 14, 2025

hebasto force-pushed on Mar 17, 2025

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hebasto force-pushed on May 13, 2025

fanquake commented at 11:27 AM on May 13, 2025: member

   test_bitcoin.vcxproj -> D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\bin\Release\test_bitcoin.exe
lld-link : warning : found both wWinMain and WinMain; using latter [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\qt\bitcoin-qt.vcxproj]
lld-link : error : undefined symbol: __declspec(dllimport) PathRemoveFileSpecW [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\qt\bitcoin-qt.vcxproj]
  >>> referenced by bitcoinqt.lib(guiutil.obj):(bool __cdecl GUIUtil::SetStartOnSystemStartup(bool))
lld-link : error : undefined symbol: __declspec(dllimport) PathRemoveFileSpecW [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\qt\test\test_bitcoin-qt.vcxproj]
  >>> referenced by bitcoinqt.lib(guiutil.obj):(bool __cdecl GUIUtil::SetStartOnSystemStartup(bool))

  C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.20348.0\shared\ws2ipdef.h(251,33): note: expanded from macro 'IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK_INIT'
lld-link : error : undefined symbol: __divti3 [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\test\fuzz\fuzz.vcxproj]
  >>> referenced by fuzz.dir\Release\feefrac.obj:(void __cdecl feefrac_mul_div_fuzz_target(class std::span<unsigned char const, -1>))
  >>> referenced by fuzz.dir\Release\feefrac.obj:(?Div@FeeFrac@@SA_J_LH_N@Z)

DrahtBot removed the label Needs rebase on May 13, 2025

fanquake referenced this in commit 8309a9747a on May 13, 2025

hebasto force-pushed on May 13, 2025

hebasto force-pushed on May 15, 2025

hebasto renamed this:
~~[POC] build: Use clang-cl to build on Windows natively~~
build: Use clang-cl to build on Windows natively
on May 15, 2025

DrahtBot added the label Needs rebase on May 16, 2025

hebasto force-pushed on May 16, 2025

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DrahtBot added the label Needs rebase on May 17, 2025

hebasto force-pushed on May 17, 2025

hebasto marked this as ready for review on May 17, 2025

DrahtBot removed the label Needs rebase on May 17, 2025

hebasto force-pushed on May 18, 2025

fanquake commented at 9:11 AM on May 21, 2025: member

Reading the description, I'm still not really clear on the goals here. It seems like this is just adding even more ways to compile for Windows, which we have to add more CI / and more work arounds for, but doesn't actually improve the Windows binaries we are shipping to end users in any way. This might make more sense if we were actually going to switch to shipping Windows binaries using Clang.

hebasto commented at 3:05 PM on October 16, 2025: member

Reading the description, I'm still not really clear on the goals here. It seems like this is just adding even more ways to compile for Windows, which we have to add more CI / and more work arounds for, but doesn't actually improve the Windows binaries we are shipping to end users in any way.

Building Bitcoin Core from source has always been considered one of the best practices. Not supporting an effective compiler, such as clang-cl on Windows, prevents users from achieving optimal performance, which negatively affects their experience.

If adding one more CI job is an issue for the current framework, we could consider dropping MSVC support instead. And if another compiler exposes more source-level workarounds, that’s an indication the code could be made more portable.

This might make more sense if we were actually going to switch to shipping Windows binaries using Clang.

That’s already on the horizon.

hebasto force-pushed on Oct 16, 2025

hebasto commented at 3:12 PM on October 16, 2025: member

Rebased to refresh the CI.

fanquake commented at 3:21 PM on October 16, 2025: member

prevents users from achieving optimal performance,

Clang on Windows produces better performing binaries than MSVC?

hebasto commented at 3:24 PM on October 16, 2025: member

prevents users from achieving optimal performance,

Clang on Windows produces better performing binaries than MSVC?

Yes. I forgot to put this link into my previous comment: https://github.com/bitcoin-core/secp256k1/pull/1681.

fanquake commented at 3:26 PM on October 16, 2025: member

Yes. I forgot to put this link into my previous comment: https://github.com/bitcoin-core/secp256k1/pull/1681.

Have you seen the same from actually running Core, or it's benchmarks, or an IBD?

hebasto commented at 3:34 PM on October 16, 2025: member

Yes. I forgot to put this link into my previous comment: bitcoin-core/secp256k1#1681.

Have you seen the same from actually running Core, or it's benchmarks, or an IBD?

I'll refresh my benchmarks and post them shortly.

fanquake commented at 3:36 PM on October 16, 2025: member


D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\script\interpreter.cpp(1531,33): warning : variable 'ext_flag' may be uninitialized when used here [-Wconditional-uninitialized] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\bitcoin_consensus.vcxproj]
  D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\script\interpreter.cpp(1733,10): note: in instantiation of function template specialization 'SignatureHashSchnorr<CTransaction>' requested here
  D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\script\interpreter.cpp(1481,21): note: initialize the variable 'ext_flag' to silence this warning
D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\script\interpreter.cpp(1531,33): warning : variable 'ext_flag' may be uninitialized when used here [-Wconditional-uninitialized] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\bitcoin_consensus.vcxproj]
  D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\script\interpreter.cpp(1733,10): note: in instantiation of function template specialization 'SignatureHashSchnorr<CMutableTransaction>' requested here
  D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\script\interpreter.cpp(1481,21): note: initialize the variable 'ext_flag' to silence this warning
  bitcoin_clientversion.vcxproj -> D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\lib\Release\bitcoin_clientversion.lib

 D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\util/subprocess.h(759,10): error : private field 'parent_' is not used [-Werror,-Wunused-private-field] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\bitcoin_common.vcxproj]
D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\util/subprocess.h(760,7): error : private field 'err_wr_pipe_' is not used [-Werror,-Wunused-private-field] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\bitcoin_common.vcxproj]
D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\util/subprocess.h(1038,7): error : private field 'child_pid_' is not used [-Werror,-Wunused-private-field] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\bitcoin_common.vcxproj]

hebasto force-pushed on Oct 16, 2025

hebasto commented at 5:58 PM on October 25, 2025: member

Yes. I forgot to put this link into my previous comment: bitcoin-core/secp256k1#1681.

Have you seen the same from actually running Core, or it's benchmarks, or an IBD?

I'll refresh my benchmarks and post them shortly.

Below are benchmarks on my Windows machine:

<summary>Compiled with MSVC</summary>

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|        1,179,325.00 |              847.94 |    6.9% |      0.15 | :wavy_dash: `AddAndRemoveDisconnectedBlockTransactions10` (Unstable with ~10.9 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 109)
|        1,260,020.00 |              793.64 |    5.0% |      0.16 | `AddAndRemoveDisconnectedBlockTransactions90`
|        1,455,309.09 |              687.14 |    2.4% |      0.18 | `AddAndRemoveDisconnectedBlockTransactionsAll`
|       71,612,900.00 |               13.96 |    1.1% |      0.79 | `AddrManAdd`
|      187,231,800.00 |                5.34 |    0.5% |      2.07 | `AddrManAddThenGood`
|          267,166.67 |            3,742.98 |    2.5% |      0.01 | `AddrManGetAddr`
|              370.42 |        2,699,601.97 |    9.5% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `AddrManSelect` (Unstable with ~2,676.5 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 26765)
|        1,524,112.50 |              656.12 |   57.9% |      0.03 | :wavy_dash: `AddrManSelectByNetwork` (Unstable with ~1.6 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 16)
|          179,040.00 |            5,585.34 |   32.2% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `AddrManSelectFromAlmostEmpty` (Unstable with ~5.2 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 52)
|          698,000.00 |            1,432.66 |    1.2% |      0.01 | `AssembleBlock`

|             ns/ecdh |              ecdh/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|           72,300.00 |           13,831.26 |    0.3% |      0.01 | `BIP324_ECDH`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|              118.70 |        8,424,277.24 |    0.2% |      0.01 | `Base58CheckEncode`
|               28.09 |       35,600,546.52 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `Base58Decode`
|               75.57 |       13,232,799.25 |    1.8% |      0.01 | `Base58Encode`
|               12.29 |       81,346,439.17 |    1.5% |      0.01 | `Bech32Decode`
|               18.92 |       52,852,519.65 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `Bech32Encode`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|              204.06 |        4,900,466.95 |    6.4% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `BenchLockedPool` (Unstable with ~4,444.4 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 44444)

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                2.60 |      384,098,329.17 |    2.6% |      0.03 | `BenchRIPEMD160`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|               28.54 |       35,043,209.88 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `BenchTimeDeprecated`
|               27.26 |       36,688,102.89 |    0.7% |      0.01 | `BenchTimeMillis`
|               20.72 |       48,253,935.59 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `BenchTimeMillisSys`
|                2.17 |      460,814,656.01 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `BenchTimeMock`
|    1,162,030,600.00 |                0.86 |    0.1% |     12.83 | `BlockAssemblerAddPackageTxns`
|        2,600,400.00 |              384.56 |    0.2% |      0.03 | `BlockEncodingLargeExtra`
|        2,357,300.00 |              424.21 |    0.3% |      0.03 | `BlockEncodingNoExtra`
|        2,368,000.00 |              422.30 |    0.5% |      0.03 | `BlockEncodingStdExtra`
|    5,480,110,960.00 |                0.18 |    0.5% |    326.48 | `BlockFilterIndexSync`
|       45,776,800.00 |               21.85 |    0.6% |      0.50 | `BlockToJsonVerboseWrite`
|          484,450.00 |            2,064.20 |    1.1% |      0.01 | `BlockToJsonVerbosity1`
|       93,670,700.00 |               10.68 |    0.6% |      1.05 | `BlockToJsonVerbosity2`
|       97,989,500.00 |               10.21 |    1.3% |      1.09 | `BlockToJsonVerbosity3`
|          724,300.00 |            1,380.64 |    5.6% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `BnBExhaustion` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)

|              ns/job |               job/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|              247.58 |        4,039,030.63 |   13.1% |      0.09 | :wavy_dash: `CCheckQueueSpeedPrevectorJob` (Unstable with ~10.9 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 109)

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|              851.71 |        1,174,107.66 |    3.4% |      0.01 | `CCoinsCaching`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                1.88 |      531,597,465.15 |    0.7% |      0.02 | `CHACHA20_1MB`
|                1.93 |      518,358,837.88 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `CHACHA20_256BYTES`
|                2.14 |      468,040,540.54 |    2.8% |      0.01 | `CHACHA20_64BYTES`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|          101,433.33 |            9,858.69 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `CheckBlockIndex`
|       18,427,900.00 |               54.27 |    0.9% |      0.21 | `CoinSelection`
|      293,690,800.00 |                3.40 |    0.4% |      3.24 | `ComplexMemPool`

|            ns/block |             block/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|      135,146,600.00 |                7.40 |    1.2% |      1.50 | `ConnectBlockAllEcdsa`
|      136,611,800.00 |                7.32 |    3.1% |      1.51 | `ConnectBlockAllSchnorr`
|      135,439,600.00 |                7.38 |    0.8% |      1.51 | `ConnectBlockMixedEcdsaSchnorr`
|       10,885,800.00 |               91.86 |    2.2% |      0.12 | `DeserializeAndCheckBlockTest`
|        8,232,900.00 |              121.46 |    4.8% |      0.09 | `DeserializeBlockTest`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|        8,377,400.00 |              119.37 |    1.1% |      0.09 | `DuplicateInputs`

|           ns/pubkey |            pubkey/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|           61,135.29 |           16,357.16 |    8.2% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `EllSwiftCreate` (Unstable with ~15.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 150)

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|           17,842.00 |           56,047.53 |    1.7% |      0.01 | `EvictionProtection0Networks250Candidates`
|           17,623.91 |           56,741.09 |    5.8% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `EvictionProtection1Networks250Candidates` (Unstable with ~52.2 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 522)
|           28,021.21 |           35,687.25 |   10.0% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `EvictionProtection2Networks250Candidates` (Unstable with ~34.6 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 346)
|            4,916.51 |          203,396.34 |    2.9% |      0.01 | `EvictionProtection3Networks050Candidates`
|           14,537.70 |           68,786.65 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `EvictionProtection3Networks100Candidates`
|           32,770.00 |           30,515.72 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `EvictionProtection3Networks250Candidates`
|       27,257,200.00 |               36.69 |    1.4% |      0.31 | `ExpandDescriptor`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                2.98 |      336,049,738.81 |    2.3% |      0.04 | `FSCHACHA20POLY1305_1MB`
|                3.69 |      270,753,844.23 |    1.5% |      0.01 | `FSCHACHA20POLY1305_256BYTES`
|                6.29 |      159,062,436.86 |    4.2% |      0.01 | `FSCHACHA20POLY1305_64BYTES`

|           ns/number |            number/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|               13.51 |       74,002,603.32 |    0.8% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_rand32`
|               21.52 |       46,475,091.77 |    2.0% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_rand64`
|               17.89 |       55,886,030.54 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_randbits`
|                2.03 |      492,182,923.46 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_randbool`
|               12.01 |       83,255,086.07 |    0.7% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_randrange100`
|               14.46 |       69,142,631.37 |    5.9% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `FastRandom_randrange1000` (Unstable with ~70.9 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 709)
|               19.40 |       51,540,546.95 |    0.2% |      0.22 | `FastRandom_randrange1000000`
|               50.69 |       19,727,047.15 |   14.7% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `FastRandom_stdshuffle100` (Unstable with ~166.2 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 1662)

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|               20.38 |       49,069,790.93 |    4.7% |      0.01 | `FindByte`
|          843,000.00 |            1,186.24 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `GCSBlockFilterGetHash`
|       15,844,200.00 |               63.11 |    0.7% |      0.17 | `GCSFilterConstruct`
|        2,035,000.00 |              491.40 |    0.2% |      0.02 | `GCSFilterDecode`
|            6,160.00 |          162,337.66 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `GCSFilterDecodeSkipCheck`
|          252,466.67 |            3,960.92 |    1.3% |      0.01 | `GCSFilterMatch`

|           ns/base16 |            base16/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                2.42 |      413,044,817.50 |    4.9% |      0.01 | `HexParse`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                1.37 |      729,258,989.13 |   24.9% |      0.02 | :wavy_dash: `HexStrBench` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)

|           ns/number |            number/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                2.79 |      358,376,996.23 |    8.7% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `InsecureRandom_rand32` (Unstable with ~395,493.5 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 3954935)
|                2.10 |      475,354,929.88 |    2.2% |      0.01 | `InsecureRandom_rand64`
|                3.26 |      306,422,541.39 |   17.8% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `InsecureRandom_randbits` (Unstable with ~4,377.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 43770)
|                1.66 |      602,926,829.27 |    2.9% |      0.01 | `InsecureRandom_randbool`
|               11.62 |       86,084,142.39 |    9.8% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `InsecureRandom_randrange100` (Unstable with ~994.9 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 9949)
|                8.65 |      115,668,844.38 |    1.4% |      0.01 | `InsecureRandom_randrange1000`
|                8.88 |      112,640,519.05 |    4.9% |      0.10 | `InsecureRandom_randrange1000000`
|               23.36 |       42,813,765.18 |   10.7% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `InsecureRandom_stdshuffle100` (Unstable with ~352.1 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 3521)

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|           19,800.00 |           50,505.05 |    8.0% |      0.00 | :wavy_dash: `Linearize16TxWorstCase120Iters` (Unstable with ~14.1 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 141)
|            4,152.94 |          240,793.20 |    7.3% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `Linearize16TxWorstCase20Iters` (Unstable with ~173.1 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 1731)
|        1,340,300.00 |              746.10 |    5.2% |      0.02 | :wavy_dash: `Linearize32TxWorstCase15000Iters` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)
|          458,800.00 |            2,179.60 |    1.8% |      0.01 | `Linearize32TxWorstCase5000Iters`
|        1,283,800.00 |              778.94 |    3.1% |      0.01 | `Linearize48TxWorstCase15000Iters`
|          507,900.00 |            1,968.89 |    7.7% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `Linearize48TxWorstCase5000Iters` (Unstable with ~2.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 20)
|        1,279,700.00 |              781.43 |    1.8% |      0.02 | `Linearize64TxWorstCase15000Iters`
|          746,200.00 |            1,340.12 |   11.1% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `Linearize64TxWorstCase5000Iters` (Unstable with ~1.4 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 14)
|        3,503,200.00 |              285.45 |   14.3% |      0.04 | :wavy_dash: `Linearize75TxWorstCase15000Iters` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)
|        1,164,900.00 |              858.44 |   22.0% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `Linearize75TxWorstCase5000Iters` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)
|        2,219,000.00 |              450.65 |    4.9% |      0.03 | `Linearize99TxWorstCase15000Iters`
|          812,600.00 |            1,230.62 |    2.1% |      0.01 | `Linearize99TxWorstCase5000Iters`
|            2,276.16 |          439,337.25 |    2.2% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters16TxWorstCaseAnc`
|            3,408.36 |          293,395.92 |    1.2% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters16TxWorstCaseLIMO`
|            7,155.92 |          139,744.41 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters32TxWorstCaseAnc`
|           12,471.21 |           80,184.67 |    3.0% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters32TxWorstCaseLIMO`
|           16,783.33 |           59,582.92 |    9.0% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `LinearizeNoIters48TxWorstCaseAnc` (Unstable with ~51.6 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 516)
|           31,245.83 |           32,004.27 |   11.6% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `LinearizeNoIters48TxWorstCaseLIMO` (Unstable with ~30.4 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 304)
|           27,361.11 |           36,548.22 |    2.2% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters64TxWorstCaseAnc`
|           48,836.84 |           20,476.34 |    2.1% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters64TxWorstCaseLIMO`
|           53,081.25 |           18,839.04 |    1.7% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters75TxWorstCaseAnc`
|           77,928.57 |           12,832.26 |    8.7% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `LinearizeNoIters75TxWorstCaseLIMO` (Unstable with ~11.8 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 118)
|           65,180.00 |           15,342.13 |    4.9% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters99TxWorstCaseAnc`
|          126,387.50 |            7,912.17 |    0.7% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters99TxWorstCaseLIMO`
|          184,075.00 |            5,432.57 |    9.2% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `LinearizeOptimallyExample00` (Unstable with ~4.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 40)
|          344,650.00 |            2,901.49 |   25.9% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `LinearizeOptimallyExample01` (Unstable with ~2.8 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 28)
|          130,585.71 |            7,657.81 |    1.3% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample02`
|          165,950.00 |            6,025.91 |    1.4% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample03`
|            6,424.32 |          155,658.39 |    1.9% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample04`
|           42,055.00 |           23,778.39 |    6.2% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `LinearizeOptimallyExample05` (Unstable with ~22.9 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 229)
|          110,590.00 |            9,042.41 |    1.7% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample06`
|           25,597.56 |           39,066.22 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample07`
|          187,075.00 |            5,345.45 |    1.3% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample08`
|           40,508.33 |           24,686.28 |    3.8% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample09`
|           28,385.29 |           35,229.51 |    2.1% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample10`
|      719,994,100.00 |                1.39 |    1.3% |      7.99 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample11`
|        1,006,700.00 |              993.34 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample12`
|          176,500.00 |            5,665.72 |    2.4% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample13`
|        1,143,000.00 |              874.89 |    2.1% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample14`
|       29,272,700.00 |               34.16 |    0.5% |      0.33 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample15`
|       20,853,100.00 |               47.95 |    0.3% |      0.23 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample16`
|       26,201,500.00 |               38.17 |    0.3% |      0.30 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample17`
|       26,541,500.00 |               37.68 |    0.7% |      0.30 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample18`
|       32,764,400.00 |               30.52 |    3.9% |      0.37 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample19`
|       39,456,100.00 |               25.34 |    4.0% |      0.50 | `LoadExternalBlockFile`
|           13,837.88 |           72,265.41 |    1.1% |      0.01 | `LogWithDebug`
|           22,309.09 |           44,824.78 |    1.1% |      0.01 | `LogWithThreadNames`
|                5.11 |      195,635,694.57 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `LogWithoutDebug`
|           21,524.39 |           46,458.92 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `LogWithoutThreadNames`
|               84.59 |       11,822,331.46 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `LogWithoutWriteToFile`
|      106,364,600.00 |                9.40 |    0.6% |      1.18 | `MempoolCheck`
|           93,475.00 |           10,698.05 |    6.3% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `MempoolCheckEphemeralSpends` (Unstable with ~11.1 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 111)
|           78,840.00 |           12,683.92 |    3.3% |      0.01 | `MempoolEviction`
|            1,662.86 |          601,372.26 |    1.2% |      0.01 | `MergeLinearizations16TxWorstCase`
|            6,180.56 |          161,797.75 |    2.8% |      0.01 | `MergeLinearizations32TxWorstCase`
|           13,255.38 |           75,441.04 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `MergeLinearizations48TxWorstCase`
|           24,127.59 |           41,446.33 |    0.2% |      0.01 | `MergeLinearizations64TxWorstCase`
|           41,200.00 |           24,271.84 |    4.2% |      0.01 | `MergeLinearizations75TxWorstCase`
|           71,612.50 |           13,964.04 |    5.3% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `MergeLinearizations99TxWorstCase` (Unstable with ~13.7 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 137)

|             ns/leaf |              leaf/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|              803.73 |        1,244,194.40 |    1.7% |      0.08 | `MerkleRoot`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|           23,234.38 |           43,039.68 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `MuHash`
|           22,334.04 |           44,774.70 |    1.5% |      0.01 | `MuHashDiv`
|          118,775.00 |            8,419.28 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `MuHashFinalize`
|           24,059.38 |           41,563.84 |    7.7% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `MuHashMul` (Unstable with ~39.3 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 393)
|            1,170.44 |          854,377.57 |    5.3% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `MuHashPrecompute` (Unstable with ~775.1 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 7751)

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                0.08 |   13,208,359,679.74 |   15.8% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `ObfuscationBench` (Unstable with ~12,789.5 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 127895)

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|       25,839,500.00 |               38.70 |    0.0% |      0.03 | `OrphanageEraseForBlock`
|        8,382,700.00 |              119.29 |    0.0% |      0.01 | `OrphanageEraseForPeer`
|        8,739,700.00 |              114.42 |    0.0% |      0.01 | `OrphanageMultiPeerEviction`
|          914,900.00 |            1,093.02 |    0.0% |      0.00 | `OrphanageSinglePeerEviction`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                1.01 |      987,731,725.70 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `POLY1305_1MB`
|                1.05 |      950,234,981.39 |    1.1% |      0.01 | `POLY1305_256BYTES`
|                1.23 |      810,674,540.92 |    0.2% |      0.01 | `POLY1305_64BYTES`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|               73.26 |       13,650,324.20 |    2.8% |      0.06 | `PoolAllocator_StdUnorderedMap`
|               20.40 |       49,028,347.30 |    0.3% |      0.02 | `PoolAllocator_StdUnorderedMapWithPoolResource`
|            1,630.94 |          613,143.28 |    9.8% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `PostLinearize16TxWorstCase` (Unstable with ~583.2 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 5832)
|            5,243.22 |          190,722.64 |    4.4% |      0.01 | `PostLinearize32TxWorstCase`
|           10,507.06 |           95,174.11 |    2.0% |      0.01 | `PostLinearize48TxWorstCase`
|           17,806.78 |           56,158.39 |    0.2% |      0.01 | `PostLinearize64TxWorstCase`
|           26,935.48 |           37,125.75 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `PostLinearize75TxWorstCase`
|           45,540.00 |           21,958.72 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `PostLinearize99TxWorstCase`
|              348.53 |        2,869,175.24 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `PrePadded`
|               13.09 |       76,408,566.72 |    1.5% |      0.01 | `PrevectorClearNontrivial`
|               13.10 |       76,340,252.71 |    1.9% |      0.01 | `PrevectorClearTrivial`
|              513.70 |        1,946,661.48 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `PrevectorDeserializeNontrivial`
|               25.56 |       39,116,185.64 |    1.7% |      0.01 | `PrevectorDeserializeTrivial`
|               34.86 |       28,686,825.52 |    0.3% |      0.01 | `PrevectorDestructorNontrivial`
|               34.30 |       29,158,158.35 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `PrevectorDestructorTrivial`
|            2,955.97 |          338,298.76 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `PrevectorFillVectorDirectNontrivial`
|            1,062.68 |          941,018.49 |   16.4% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `PrevectorFillVectorDirectTrivial` (Unstable with ~878.6 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 8786)
|           18,486.27 |           54,094.19 |    5.6% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `PrevectorFillVectorIndirectNontrivial` (Unstable with ~51.8 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 518)
|           14,531.25 |           68,817.20 |    1.2% |      0.01 | `PrevectorFillVectorIndirectTrivial`
|                6.59 |      151,681,063.12 |    1.2% |      0.01 | `PrevectorResizeNontrivial`
|                6.52 |      153,458,755.43 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `PrevectorResizeTrivial`
|        9,865,300.00 |              101.37 |    5.8% |      0.12 | :wavy_dash: `ReadBlockBench` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)
|        1,411,200.00 |              708.62 |    3.2% |      0.02 | `ReadRawBlockBench`
|              680.73 |        1,469,008.73 |    0.7% |      0.01 | `RegularPadded`
|              497.44 |        2,010,294.54 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `RollingBloom`
|           27,363.16 |           36,545.49 |    0.2% |      0.01 | `RollingBloomReset`
|       16,691,500.00 |               59.91 |    1.0% |      0.19 | `RpcMempool`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                1.71 |      585,411,544.32 |    0.9% |      0.02 | `SHA1`
|               12.23 |       81,756,487.03 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `SHA256D64_1024_AVX2 using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|               12.33 |       81,108,910.89 |    1.3% |      0.01 | `SHA256D64_1024_SHANI using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|               12.65 |       79,025,684.31 |    3.4% |      0.01 | `SHA256D64_1024_SSE4 using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|               12.27 |       81,512,437.81 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `SHA256D64_1024_STANDARD using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|               10.94 |       91,389,499.39 |    1.2% |      0.01 | `SHA256_32b_AVX2 using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|               11.19 |       89,345,293.33 |    3.5% |      0.01 | `SHA256_32b_SHANI using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|               11.50 |       86,973,470.49 |    6.3% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `SHA256_32b_SSE4 using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation` (Unstable with ~2,799.7 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 27997)
|               10.89 |       91,825,214.30 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `SHA256_32b_STANDARD using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|                4.93 |      203,037,440.10 |    0.8% |      0.06 | `SHA256_AVX2 using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|                5.06 |      197,526,962.43 |    3.1% |      0.06 | `SHA256_SHANI using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|                5.04 |      198,558,465.54 |    2.8% |      0.06 | `SHA256_SSE4 using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|                5.04 |      198,542,696.61 |    3.0% |      0.06 | `SHA256_STANDARD using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|                4.22 |      236,910,684.67 |    3.4% |      0.05 | `SHA3_256_1M`
|                2.52 |      396,967,170.81 |    1.3% |      0.03 | `SHA512`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|          170,784.40 |            5,855.34 |    1.8% |      0.21 | `SignSchnorrWithMerkleRoot`
|          171,072.81 |            5,845.46 |    2.3% |      0.21 | `SignSchnorrWithNullMerkleRoot`
|          264,442.61 |            3,781.54 |    0.7% |      0.32 | `SignTransactionECDSA`
|          211,025.22 |            4,738.77 |    0.9% |      0.26 | `SignTransactionSchnorr`
|               30.11 |       33,210,919.73 |    1.6% |      0.01 | `SipHash_32b`
|                9.23 |      108,313,013.40 |    5.9% |      0.02 | :wavy_dash: `Trig` (Unstable with ~188,576.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 1885760)
|       33,670,400.00 |               29.70 |    0.0% |      0.03 | `TxGraphTrim`
|          106,750.00 |            9,367.68 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `VerifyNestedIfScript`
|           67,992.31 |           14,707.55 |    1.3% |      0.01 | `VerifyScriptBench`
|      120,327,800.00 |                8.31 |    0.2% |      1.33 | `WalletAvailableCoins`
|            6,284.76 |          159,115.16 |    1.3% |      0.01 | `WalletBalanceClean`
|            6,926.72 |          144,368.53 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `WalletBalanceDirty`
|            6,308.93 |          158,505.52 |    1.1% |      0.01 | `WalletBalanceMine`
|               78.53 |       12,734,112.86 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `WalletBalanceWatch`
|    1,320,096,500.00 |                0.76 |    0.9% |     14.74 | `WalletCreateEncrypted`
|    1,000,096,500.00 |                1.00 |    1.8% |     11.01 | `WalletCreatePlain`
|        2,470,100.00 |              404.84 |    1.3% |      0.03 | `WalletCreateTxUseOnlyPresetInputs`
|      129,672,200.00 |                7.71 |    1.3% |      1.44 | `WalletCreateTxUsePresetInputsAndCoinSelection`
|              103.20 |        9,690,302.30 |    0.1% |      0.01 | `WalletIsMineDescriptors`
|              103.40 |        9,671,102.46 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `WalletIsMineMigratedDescriptors`
|      682,741,400.00 |                1.46 |    0.4% |      3.42 | `WalletLoadingDescriptors`
|    9,446,679,300.00 |                0.11 |    0.0% |      9.45 | `WalletMigration`
|       10,101,000.00 |               99.00 |    1.0% |      0.11 | `WriteBlockBench`

</details>

<summary>Compiled with clang-cl</summary>

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|        1,451,472.73 |              688.96 |    4.7% |      0.16 | `AddAndRemoveDisconnectedBlockTransactions10`
|        1,147,027.27 |              871.82 |    0.5% |      0.14 | `AddAndRemoveDisconnectedBlockTransactions90`
|        1,431,420.00 |              698.61 |    2.7% |      0.18 | `AddAndRemoveDisconnectedBlockTransactionsAll`
|       53,722,500.00 |               18.61 |    0.5% |      0.60 | `AddrManAdd`
|      136,084,600.00 |                7.35 |    1.3% |      1.51 | `AddrManAddThenGood`
|          255,600.00 |            3,912.36 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `AddrManGetAddr`
|              289.15 |        3,458,382.18 |    2.2% |      0.01 | `AddrManSelect`
|        1,059,900.00 |              943.49 |   47.5% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `AddrManSelectByNetwork` (Unstable with ~1.1 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 11)
|           79,000.00 |           12,658.23 |   29.1% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `AddrManSelectFromAlmostEmpty` (Unstable with ~12.2 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 122)
|          581,250.00 |            1,720.43 |    4.1% |      0.01 | `AssembleBlock`

|             ns/ecdh |              ecdh/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|           46,791.30 |           21,371.49 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `BIP324_ECDH`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|              113.44 |        8,815,521.49 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `Base58CheckEncode`
|               26.41 |       37,868,835.99 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `Base58Decode`
|               76.55 |       13,063,597.82 |    1.8% |      0.01 | `Base58Encode`
|                9.45 |      105,876,049.29 |    3.7% |      0.01 | `Bech32Decode`
|               17.65 |       56,659,019.81 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `Bech32Encode`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|              188.81 |        5,296,396.75 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `BenchLockedPool`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                2.36 |      423,872,499.15 |    4.1% |      0.03 | `BenchRIPEMD160`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|               28.55 |       35,026,548.67 |    1.2% |      0.01 | `BenchTimeDeprecated`
|               27.32 |       36,609,274.56 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `BenchTimeMillis`
|               20.66 |       48,396,462.22 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `BenchTimeMillisSys`
|                2.17 |      460,582,963.96 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `BenchTimeMock`
|    1,448,861,600.00 |                0.69 |    0.4% |     15.91 | `BlockAssemblerAddPackageTxns`
|        2,555,100.00 |              391.37 |    1.1% |      0.03 | `BlockEncodingLargeExtra`
|        2,314,600.00 |              432.04 |    0.7% |      0.03 | `BlockEncodingNoExtra`
|        2,345,900.00 |              426.28 |    1.1% |      0.03 | `BlockEncodingStdExtra`
|    5,455,197,200.00 |                0.18 |    0.2% |    322.09 | `BlockFilterIndexSync`
|       45,462,500.00 |               22.00 |    1.0% |      0.51 | `BlockToJsonVerboseWrite`
|          442,400.00 |            2,260.40 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `BlockToJsonVerbosity1`
|       83,156,800.00 |               12.03 |    1.3% |      0.93 | `BlockToJsonVerbosity2`
|       82,647,900.00 |               12.10 |    0.4% |      0.92 | `BlockToJsonVerbosity3`
|          617,350.00 |            1,619.83 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `BnBExhaustion`

|              ns/job |               job/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|              230.93 |        4,330,272.61 |    7.0% |      0.09 | :wavy_dash: `CCheckQueueSpeedPrevectorJob` (Unstable with ~10.9 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 109)

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|              683.83 |        1,462,358.04 |    3.1% |      0.01 | `CCoinsCaching`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                1.67 |      599,666,018.53 |    0.5% |      0.02 | `CHACHA20_1MB`
|                1.73 |      577,714,344.81 |    0.8% |      0.01 | `CHACHA20_256BYTES`
|                2.00 |      500,654,679.58 |    2.6% |      0.01 | `CHACHA20_64BYTES`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|           91,781.82 |           10,895.40 |    1.7% |      0.01 | `CheckBlockIndex`
|       16,983,800.00 |               58.88 |    0.8% |      0.19 | `CoinSelection`
|      296,209,200.00 |                3.38 |    0.2% |      3.25 | `ComplexMemPool`

|            ns/block |             block/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|       86,831,100.00 |               11.52 |    1.3% |      0.98 | `ConnectBlockAllEcdsa`
|       84,704,400.00 |               11.81 |    1.0% |      0.94 | `ConnectBlockAllSchnorr`
|       87,313,300.00 |               11.45 |    0.6% |      0.97 | `ConnectBlockMixedEcdsaSchnorr`
|        6,986,900.00 |              143.12 |    2.2% |      0.08 | `DeserializeAndCheckBlockTest`
|        5,289,800.00 |              189.04 |    6.4% |      0.06 | :wavy_dash: `DeserializeBlockTest` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|        7,979,700.00 |              125.32 |    0.5% |      0.09 | `DuplicateInputs`

|           ns/pubkey |            pubkey/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|           42,715.79 |           23,410.55 |    2.3% |      0.01 | `EllSwiftCreate`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|           17,945.28 |           55,724.95 |   13.8% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `EvictionProtection0Networks250Candidates` (Unstable with ~41.4 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 414)
|           15,346.00 |           65,163.56 |   12.5% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `EvictionProtection1Networks250Candidates` (Unstable with ~60.7 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 607)
|           21,886.36 |           45,690.55 |    9.2% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `EvictionProtection2Networks250Candidates` (Unstable with ~45.9 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 459)
|            4,370.44 |          228,809.74 |    9.7% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `EvictionProtection3Networks050Candidates` (Unstable with ~222.7 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 2227)
|           11,346.24 |           88,134.95 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `EvictionProtection3Networks100Candidates`
|           27,344.12 |           36,570.94 |    5.2% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `EvictionProtection3Networks250Candidates` (Unstable with ~36.3 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 363)
|       21,228,500.00 |               47.11 |    1.2% |      0.23 | `ExpandDescriptor`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                2.37 |      421,182,519.28 |    1.9% |      0.03 | `FSCHACHA20POLY1305_1MB`
|                3.20 |      312,461,857.68 |    2.6% |      0.01 | `FSCHACHA20POLY1305_256BYTES`
|                5.63 |      177,559,854.43 |    1.6% |      0.01 | `FSCHACHA20POLY1305_64BYTES`

|           ns/number |            number/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|               10.98 |       91,078,985.96 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_rand32`
|               19.82 |       50,464,399.95 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_rand64`
|               12.52 |       79,874,882.70 |    2.2% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_randbits`
|                1.84 |      543,283,597.77 |    1.1% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_randbool`
|               11.42 |       87,556,632.60 |    0.8% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_randrange100`
|               12.19 |       82,008,200.82 |    1.4% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_randrange1000`
|               16.76 |       59,662,311.32 |    1.1% |      0.19 | `FastRandom_randrange1000000`
|               34.60 |       28,900,930.94 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `FastRandom_stdshuffle100`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|               15.03 |       66,527,760.60 |    2.1% |      0.01 | `FindByte`
|          499,850.00 |            2,000.60 |    0.7% |      0.01 | `GCSBlockFilterGetHash`
|       14,975,200.00 |               66.78 |    0.7% |      0.17 | `GCSFilterConstruct`
|        1,859,900.00 |              537.66 |    2.4% |      0.02 | `GCSFilterDecode`
|            5,623.89 |          177,812.90 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `GCSFilterDecodeSkipCheck`
|          212,120.00 |            4,714.31 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `GCSFilterMatch`

|           ns/base16 |            base16/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                3.24 |      308,399,366.09 |    0.3% |      0.01 | `HexParse`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                0.94 |    1,064,388,971.68 |   12.4% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `HexStrBench` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)

|           ns/number |            number/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                1.76 |      567,551,949.57 |    1.1% |      0.01 | `InsecureRandom_rand32`
|                2.10 |      477,100,915.78 |    3.0% |      0.01 | `InsecureRandom_rand64`
|                2.17 |      460,846,145.69 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `InsecureRandom_randbits`
|                1.47 |      680,678,296.67 |    0.8% |      0.01 | `InsecureRandom_randbool`
|                7.20 |      138,831,042.62 |    2.6% |      0.01 | `InsecureRandom_randrange100`
|                6.88 |      145,243,282.50 |    1.5% |      0.01 | `InsecureRandom_randrange1000`
|                7.39 |      135,382,116.02 |    0.9% |      0.08 | `InsecureRandom_randrange1000000`
|               16.31 |       61,325,847.55 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `InsecureRandom_stdshuffle100`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|            9,683.87 |          103,264.49 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `Linearize16TxWorstCase120Iters`
|            3,162.66 |          316,189.30 |    7.0% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `Linearize16TxWorstCase20Iters` (Unstable with ~278.6 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 2786)
|        1,031,700.00 |              969.27 |   12.3% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `Linearize32TxWorstCase15000Iters` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)
|          351,066.67 |            2,848.46 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `Linearize32TxWorstCase5000Iters`
|          874,500.00 |            1,143.51 |    0.3% |      0.01 | `Linearize48TxWorstCase15000Iters`
|          321,950.00 |            3,106.07 |    1.6% |      0.01 | `Linearize48TxWorstCase5000Iters`
|          939,900.00 |            1,063.94 |    5.9% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `Linearize64TxWorstCase15000Iters` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)
|          370,600.00 |            2,698.33 |    1.3% |      0.01 | `Linearize64TxWorstCase5000Iters`
|        1,365,800.00 |              732.17 |    2.5% |      0.02 | `Linearize75TxWorstCase15000Iters`
|          538,750.00 |            1,856.15 |    1.2% |      0.01 | `Linearize75TxWorstCase5000Iters`
|        1,392,900.00 |              717.93 |    5.3% |      0.02 | :wavy_dash: `Linearize99TxWorstCase15000Iters` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)
|          541,400.00 |            1,847.06 |    3.0% |      0.01 | `Linearize99TxWorstCase5000Iters`
|            1,451.48 |          688,953.18 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters16TxWorstCaseAnc`
|            2,159.19 |          463,135.79 |    0.2% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters16TxWorstCaseLIMO`
|            4,901.71 |          204,010.26 |    3.4% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters32TxWorstCaseAnc`
|            8,484.00 |          117,868.93 |    8.8% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `LinearizeNoIters32TxWorstCaseLIMO` (Unstable with ~118.3 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 1183)
|            8,153.04 |          122,653.58 |    1.5% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters48TxWorstCaseAnc`
|           17,206.90 |           58,116.23 |    3.9% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters48TxWorstCaseLIMO`
|           14,300.00 |           69,930.07 |    3.0% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters64TxWorstCaseAnc`
|           30,121.87 |           33,198.46 |    1.8% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters64TxWorstCaseLIMO`
|           21,540.00 |           46,425.26 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters75TxWorstCaseAnc`
|           46,038.10 |           21,721.14 |    0.7% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters75TxWorstCaseLIMO`
|           37,370.59 |           26,759.01 |    4.7% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters99TxWorstCaseAnc`
|           80,030.00 |           12,495.31 |    1.9% |      0.01 | `LinearizeNoIters99TxWorstCaseLIMO`
|          117,644.44 |            8,500.19 |    1.1% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample00`
|          182,060.00 |            5,492.69 |    0.3% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample01`
|           88,050.00 |           11,357.18 |    1.8% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample02`
|          106,620.00 |            9,379.10 |    2.9% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample03`
|            4,921.03 |          203,209.67 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample04`
|           25,166.67 |           39,735.10 |    0.2% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample05`
|           70,709.09 |           14,142.45 |    1.2% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample06`
|           16,685.71 |           59,931.51 |    1.7% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample07`
|          138,250.00 |            7,233.27 |    1.5% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample08`
|           25,919.44 |           38,581.07 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample09`
|           18,258.18 |           54,769.97 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample10`
|      496,799,900.00 |                2.01 |    0.6% |      5.46 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample11`
|          787,500.00 |            1,269.84 |    1.5% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample12`
|          116,711.11 |            8,568.16 |    1.1% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample13`
|          718,800.00 |            1,391.21 |    3.8% |      0.01 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample14`
|       21,523,300.00 |               46.46 |    0.6% |      0.24 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample15`
|       14,895,300.00 |               67.14 |    1.1% |      0.17 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample16`
|       18,399,200.00 |               54.35 |    0.3% |      0.20 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample17`
|       18,561,100.00 |               53.88 |    0.3% |      0.21 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample18`
|       22,151,600.00 |               45.14 |    3.1% |      0.25 | `LinearizeOptimallyExample19`
|       38,314,200.00 |               26.10 |    3.5% |      0.43 | `LoadExternalBlockFile`
|           13,187.50 |           75,829.38 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `LogWithDebug`
|           21,370.21 |           46,794.11 |    6.2% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `LogWithThreadNames` (Unstable with ~45.1 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 451)
|                5.64 |      177,250,274.97 |    1.9% |      0.01 | `LogWithoutDebug`
|           21,744.00 |           45,989.70 |    3.9% |      0.01 | `LogWithoutThreadNames`
|               82.91 |       12,061,834.77 |    0.3% |      0.01 | `LogWithoutWriteToFile`
|      127,724,700.00 |                7.83 |    0.3% |      1.41 | `MempoolCheck`
|           91,550.00 |           10,922.99 |    8.6% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `MempoolCheckEphemeralSpends` (Unstable with ~11.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 110)
|          117,588.89 |            8,504.20 |    3.1% |      0.01 | `MempoolEviction`
|            1,328.90 |          752,501.92 |    1.3% |      0.01 | `MergeLinearizations16TxWorstCase`
|            4,865.80 |          205,515.92 |    1.8% |      0.01 | `MergeLinearizations32TxWorstCase`
|            9,940.95 |          100,593.98 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `MergeLinearizations48TxWorstCase`
|           18,200.00 |           54,945.05 |    0.9% |      0.01 | `MergeLinearizations64TxWorstCase`
|           29,572.73 |           33,814.94 |    4.4% |      0.01 | `MergeLinearizations75TxWorstCase`
|           50,065.00 |           19,974.03 |    1.4% |      0.01 | `MergeLinearizations99TxWorstCase`

|             ns/leaf |              leaf/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|              613.15 |        1,630,911.40 |    2.6% |      0.06 | `MerkleRoot`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|           19,535.42 |           51,189.08 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `MuHash`
|           18,587.50 |           53,799.60 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `MuHashDiv`
|          104,680.00 |            9,552.92 |    0.2% |      0.01 | `MuHashFinalize`
|           19,165.12 |           52,178.13 |    4.1% |      0.01 | `MuHashMul`
|              932.36 |        1,072,542.51 |    4.9% |      0.01 | `MuHashPrecompute`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                0.02 |   44,499,578,618.09 |    0.4% |      0.01 | `ObfuscationBench`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|       24,853,800.00 |               40.24 |    0.0% |      0.02 | `OrphanageEraseForBlock`
|        8,055,900.00 |              124.13 |    0.0% |      0.01 | `OrphanageEraseForPeer`
|        8,103,300.00 |              123.41 |    0.0% |      0.01 | `OrphanageMultiPeerEviction`
|          741,700.00 |            1,348.25 |    0.0% |      0.00 | `OrphanageSinglePeerEviction`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                0.70 |    1,436,012,051.49 |    3.9% |      0.01 | `POLY1305_1MB`
|                0.75 |    1,337,172,194.27 |    1.5% |      0.01 | `POLY1305_256BYTES`
|                0.99 |    1,012,746,607.99 |    0.8% |      0.01 | `POLY1305_64BYTES`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|               74.43 |       13,435,935.02 |    2.8% |      0.05 | `PoolAllocator_StdUnorderedMap`
|               23.94 |       41,774,002.65 |    2.7% |      0.02 | `PoolAllocator_StdUnorderedMapWithPoolResource`
|              837.66 |        1,193,799.94 |    1.0% |      0.01 | `PostLinearize16TxWorstCase`
|            2,793.77 |          357,939.06 |    4.1% |      0.01 | `PostLinearize32TxWorstCase`
|            6,151.00 |          162,575.19 |    4.4% |      0.01 | `PostLinearize48TxWorstCase`
|           10,197.59 |           98,062.38 |    3.3% |      0.01 | `PostLinearize64TxWorstCase`
|           13,336.62 |           74,981.52 |    1.4% |      0.01 | `PostLinearize75TxWorstCase`
|           21,982.50 |           45,490.73 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `PostLinearize99TxWorstCase`
|              233.80 |        4,277,164.38 |    8.7% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `PrePadded` (Unstable with ~4,344.4 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 43444)
|                8.78 |      113,914,290.53 |   12.8% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `PrevectorClearNontrivial` (Unstable with ~59,749.5 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 597495)
|                6.34 |      157,752,831.72 |    3.6% |      0.01 | `PrevectorClearTrivial`
|              151.85 |        6,585,446.16 |    1.1% |      0.01 | `PrevectorDeserializeNontrivial`
|               12.26 |       81,573,896.35 |    1.7% |      0.01 | `PrevectorDeserializeTrivial`
|                   - |                   - |       - |         - | :boom: `PrevectorDestructorNontrivial` (iterations overflow. Maybe your code got optimized away?)
|                   - |                   - |       - |         - | :boom: `PrevectorDestructorTrivial` (iterations overflow. Maybe your code got optimized away?)
|            3,030.00 |          330,033.00 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `PrevectorFillVectorDirectNontrivial`
|              892.58 |        1,120,346.95 |    0.3% |      0.01 | `PrevectorFillVectorDirectTrivial`
|           15,746.00 |           63,508.19 |    1.3% |      0.01 | `PrevectorFillVectorIndirectNontrivial`
|           14,486.15 |           69,031.44 |    2.9% |      0.01 | `PrevectorFillVectorIndirectTrivial`
|                3.80 |      263,020,209.20 |    1.4% |      0.01 | `PrevectorResizeNontrivial`
|                3.09 |      323,837,259.10 |    0.7% |      0.01 | `PrevectorResizeTrivial`
|        6,568,900.00 |              152.23 |    1.1% |      0.08 | `ReadBlockBench`
|        1,615,300.00 |              619.08 |    9.6% |      0.02 | :wavy_dash: `ReadRawBlockBench` (Unstable with ~1.0 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 10)
|              420.26 |        2,379,495.03 |    4.2% |      0.01 | `RegularPadded`
|              449.27 |        2,225,845.02 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `RollingBloom`
|           28,907.89 |           34,592.63 |    0.2% |      0.01 | `RollingBloomReset`
|       15,066,000.00 |               66.37 |    0.7% |      0.17 | `RpcMempool`

|             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|                1.74 |      574,415,532.20 |    1.2% |      0.02 | `SHA1`
|                9.15 |      109,308,648.15 |    1.7% |      0.01 | `SHA256D64_1024_AVX2 using the 'sse4(1way)' SHA256 implementation`
|                9.16 |      109,117,549.12 |    2.1% |      0.01 | `SHA256D64_1024_SHANI using the 'sse4(1way)' SHA256 implementation`
|                9.04 |      110,618,617.60 |    0.8% |      0.01 | `SHA256D64_1024_SSE4 using the 'sse4(1way)' SHA256 implementation`
|               11.32 |       88,359,174.87 |    0.6% |      0.01 | `SHA256D64_1024_STANDARD using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|                6.86 |      145,720,281.45 |    6.1% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `SHA256_32b_AVX2 using the 'sse4(1way)' SHA256 implementation` (Unstable with ~4,179.5 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 41795)
|                6.75 |      148,211,720.90 |    3.9% |      0.01 | `SHA256_32b_SHANI using the 'sse4(1way)' SHA256 implementation`
|                6.50 |      153,826,170.01 |    0.3% |      0.01 | `SHA256_32b_SSE4 using the 'sse4(1way)' SHA256 implementation`
|                9.35 |      106,922,385.38 |    0.2% |      0.01 | `SHA256_32b_STANDARD using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|                2.92 |      342,348,510.78 |    1.4% |      0.03 | `SHA256_AVX2 using the 'sse4(1way)' SHA256 implementation`
|                2.96 |      337,541,348.82 |    2.8% |      0.03 | `SHA256_SHANI using the 'sse4(1way)' SHA256 implementation`
|                2.95 |      339,523,987.37 |    1.7% |      0.03 | `SHA256_SSE4 using the 'sse4(1way)' SHA256 implementation`
|                4.36 |      229,247,380.85 |    1.1% |      0.05 | `SHA256_STANDARD using the 'standard' SHA256 implementation`
|                3.92 |      255,063,000.56 |    2.4% |      0.05 | `SHA3_256_1M`
|                2.60 |      385,015,208.10 |    2.6% |      0.03 | `SHA512`

|               ns/op |                op/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
|--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
|          108,296.49 |            9,233.91 |    0.4% |      0.13 | `SignSchnorrWithMerkleRoot`
|          108,620.59 |            9,206.36 |    0.8% |      0.13 | `SignSchnorrWithNullMerkleRoot`
|          190,794.39 |            5,241.24 |    3.0% |      0.23 | `SignTransactionECDSA`
|          137,775.24 |            7,258.20 |    0.5% |      0.17 | `SignTransactionSchnorr`
|               31.14 |       32,113,941.55 |    6.5% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `SipHash_32b` (Unstable with ~30,618.5 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 306185)
|                9.23 |      108,384,801.58 |    6.0% |      0.02 | :wavy_dash: `Trig` (Unstable with ~187,765.5 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 1877655)
|       28,278,000.00 |               35.36 |    0.0% |      0.03 | `TxGraphTrim`
|          102,250.00 |            9,779.95 |    0.5% |      0.01 | `VerifyNestedIfScript`
|           41,344.44 |           24,187.05 |    1.7% |      0.01 | `VerifyScriptBench`
|       72,342,700.00 |               13.82 |    0.3% |      0.80 | `WalletAvailableCoins`
|            6,493.75 |          153,994.23 |    4.4% |      0.01 | `WalletBalanceClean`
|            6,882.52 |          145,295.67 |    1.4% |      0.01 | `WalletBalanceDirty`
|            7,061.03 |          141,622.41 |   10.3% |      0.01 | :wavy_dash: `WalletBalanceMine` (Unstable with ~108.5 iters. Increase `minEpochIterations` to e.g. 1085)
|               78.27 |       12,776,287.80 |    0.7% |      0.01 | `WalletBalanceWatch`
|    1,101,592,500.00 |                0.91 |    0.3% |     12.15 | `WalletCreateEncrypted`
|      780,882,100.00 |                1.28 |    1.9% |      8.53 | `WalletCreatePlain`
|        1,724,300.00 |              579.95 |    1.5% |      0.02 | `WalletCreateTxUseOnlyPresetInputs`
|      125,178,300.00 |                7.99 |    2.7% |      1.40 | `WalletCreateTxUsePresetInputsAndCoinSelection`
|              104.93 |        9,529,737.21 |    0.3% |      0.01 | `WalletIsMineDescriptors`
|              104.95 |        9,527,988.87 |    0.3% |      0.01 | `WalletIsMineMigratedDescriptors`
|      445,204,800.00 |                2.25 |    0.5% |      2.22 | `WalletLoadingDescriptors`
|    7,056,696,700.00 |                0.14 |    0.0% |      7.06 | `WalletMigration`
|       10,330,300.00 |               96.80 |    2.1% |      0.11 | `WriteBlockBench`

</details>

DrahtBot added the label Needs rebase on Nov 4, 2025

hebasto force-pushed on Nov 4, 2025

hebasto commented at 5:52 PM on November 4, 2025: member

Rebased to resolve the conflict with the merged bitcoin/bitcoin#30595.

DrahtBot removed the label Needs rebase on Nov 4, 2025

DrahtBot added the label Needs rebase on Dec 1, 2025

hebasto force-pushed on Dec 1, 2025

hebasto commented at 11:04 AM on December 1, 2025: member

Rebased to resolve conflicts.

in src/qt/CMakeLists.txt:156 in c8feaeeee8

 152 | @@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ target_link_libraries(bitcoinqt
 153 |      Boost::headers
 154 |      $<TARGET_NAME_IF_EXISTS:QRencode::QRencode>
 155 |      $<$<PLATFORM_ID:Darwin>:-framework\ AppKit>
 156 | -    $<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>:shlwapi>
 157 | +    $<$<PLATFORM_ID:Windows>:shlwapi>

fanquake commented at 11:08 AM on December 1, 2025:

Is this going to be overlinking now?

hebasto commented at 1:19 PM on January 22, 2026:

Thanks! Reworked.

in CMakeLists.txt:283 in c8feaeeee8

 279 | @@ -280,6 +280,8 @@ if(WIN32)
 280 |        /Zc:preprocessor
 281 |        /Zc:__cplusplus
 282 |        /sdl
 283 | +      # TODO: __int128 division when using clang-cl requires the builtins library.

fanquake commented at 11:09 AM on December 1, 2025:

Why not use the builtins? Not sure I understand the TODO.

hebasto commented at 4:10 PM on January 22, 2026:

Reworked.

in .github/workflows/ci.yml:225 in c8feaeeee8

 217 | @@ -218,11 +218,17 @@ jobs:
 218 |          job-type: [standard, fuzz]
 219 |          include:
 220 |            - job-type: standard
 221 | +            env_vars: {}
 222 |              generate-options: '-DBUILD_BENCH=ON -DBUILD_KERNEL_LIB=ON -DBUILD_UTIL_CHAINSTATE=ON -DWERROR=ON'
 223 | -            job-name: 'Windows native, VS 2022'
 224 | +            job-name: 'Windows native, MSVC'
 225 | +          - job-type: clang-cl
 226 | +            env_vars: { CXXFLAGS: '-Wno-return-type -Wno-unused-private-field -Wno-error=conditional-uninitialized -Wno-error=missing-braces' }

fanquake commented at 11:10 AM on December 1, 2025:

-Wno-error=missing-braces -Wno-unused-private-field

Why are these needed/are they being fixed?

hebasto commented at 11:51 AM on December 1, 2025:

-Wno-error=missing-braces

From https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/actions/runs/19820405203/job/56781245720:

D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\test\i2p_tests.cpp(116,34): warning : suggest braces around initialization of subobject [-Wmissing-braces] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\test\test_bitcoin.vcxproj]
  C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.26100.0\shared\ws2ipdef.h(251,33): note: expanded from macro 'IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK_INIT'
D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\test\i2p_tests.cpp(159,38): warning : suggest braces around initialization of subobject [-Wmissing-braces] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\test\test_bitcoin.vcxproj]
  C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.26100.0\shared\ws2ipdef.h(251,33): note: expanded from macro 'IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK_INIT'
D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\test\netbase_tests.cpp(502,36): warning : suggest braces around initialization of subobject [-Wmissing-braces] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\test\test_bitcoin.vcxproj]
  C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.26100.0\shared\ws2ipdef.h(251,33): note: expanded from macro 'IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK_INIT'
D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\test\netbase_tests.cpp(507,36): warning : suggest braces around initialization of subobject [-Wmissing-braces] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\test\test_bitcoin.vcxproj]
  C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.26100.0\shared\ws2ipdef.h(251,33): note: expanded from macro 'IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK_INIT'
D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\test\netbase_tests.cpp(512,36): warning : suggest braces around initialization of subobject [-Wmissing-braces] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\test\test_bitcoin.vcxproj]
  C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.26100.0\shared\ws2ipdef.h(251,33): note: expanded from macro 'IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK_INIT'

-Wno-unused-private-field

D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\util/subprocess.h(759,10): warning : private field 'parent_' is not used [-Wunused-private-field] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\util\bitcoin_util.vcxproj]
D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\util/subprocess.h(760,7): warning : private field 'err_wr_pipe_' is not used [-Wunused-private-field] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\util\bitcoin_util.vcxproj]
D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\src\util/subprocess.h(1038,7): warning : private field 'child_pid_' is not used [-Wunused-private-field] [D:\a\bitcoin\bitcoin\build\src\util\bitcoin_util.vcxproj]

Why are these needed/are they being fixed?

I'm going to work on the fixes.

maflcko commented at 5:33 PM on January 20, 2026:

Would be good to make them -Wno-error, instead of a full -Wno-

hebasto commented at 1:19 PM on January 22, 2026:

Would be good to make them -Wno-error, instead of a full -Wno-

Switched to -Wno-error=unused-private-field.

hebasto commented at 10:38 PM on January 22, 2026:

-Wno-unused-private-field

A fix has been proposed in #34385.

bitcoin deleted a comment on Dec 1, 2025

DrahtBot removed the label Needs rebase on Dec 1, 2025

in src/netaddress.h:276 in 751f3b91d0

 271 | @@ -272,6 +272,13 @@ class CNetAddr
 272 |  
 273 |      friend class CSubNet;
 274 |  
 275 | +// Windows and POSIX provide differently braced forms of IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK_INIT.
 276 | +#ifdef _MSC_VER

fanquake commented at 10:26 AM on December 2, 2025:

Should be in compat.h?

hebasto commented at 12:15 PM on December 2, 2025:

Thanks! Reworked.

hebasto force-pushed on Dec 2, 2025

sedited referenced this in commit d7fd8c6952 on Jan 22, 2026

hebasto force-pushed on Jan 22, 2026

DrahtBot added the label CI failed on Jan 22, 2026

DrahtBot removed the label CI failed on Jan 22, 2026

hebasto force-pushed on Jan 22, 2026

in CMakeLists.txt:287 in af37ba9839

 280 | @@ -281,6 +281,11 @@ if(WIN32)
 281 |        /Zc:__cplusplus
 282 |        /sdl
 283 |      )
 284 | +    target_link_libraries(core_interface INTERFACE
 285 | +      # __int128 division when using clang-cl requires the builtins library.
 286 | +      # See https://clang.llvm.org/docs/UsersManual.html#finding-clang-runtime-libraries.
 287 | +      $<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:Clang>:clang_rt.builtins-x86_64>

fanquake commented at 2:57 PM on January 22, 2026:

Hardcoded architecture?

hebasto commented at 4:10 PM on January 22, 2026:

Thanks! Fixed.

hebasto force-pushed on Jan 22, 2026

DrahtBot added the label CI failed on Jan 22, 2026

in .github/workflows/ci.yml:225 in 48521e9419

 217 | @@ -218,11 +218,17 @@ jobs:
 218 |          job-type: [standard, fuzz]
 219 |          include:
 220 |            - job-type: standard
 221 | +            env_vars: {}
 222 |              generate-options: '-DBUILD_BENCH=ON -DBUILD_KERNEL_LIB=ON -DBUILD_UTIL_CHAINSTATE=ON -DWERROR=ON'
 223 | -            job-name: 'Windows native, VS 2022'
 224 | +            job-name: 'Windows native, MSVC'
 225 | +          - job-type: clang-cl
 226 | +            env_vars: { CXXFLAGS: '-Wno-return-type -Wno-error=unused-private-field -Wno-error=conditional-uninitialized' }

maflcko commented at 5:36 PM on January 22, 2026:

What is the return type issue? All i can see in the logs is:

    ACTIONS_ORCHESTRATION_ID: 1fe30250-b534-498c-9285-7256c1d1e411.windows-native-dll.clang-cl_-Wno-return-type

which seems a bit odd, but is probably just an upstream Github actions bug

hebasto commented at 6:18 PM on January 22, 2026:

This warning is very noisy on Windows, so the -Wno-return-type flag is used.

All cases are highlighted here: https://github.com/hebasto/bitcoin/actions/runs/21259251206/job/61182273662.

maflcko commented at 7:55 PM on January 22, 2026:

It doesn't look too verbose. Also, I wonder if this is a compiler bug, or a real warning.

Someone on Windows should test if an assert(false) without a return at runtime causes UB, or a crash.

If UB, then there is a bug to fix

If a crash, then this is something to report upstream, or maybe assert can be replaced by Assert?

hebasto commented at 9:03 PM on January 22, 2026:

It reminds me https://github.com/mingw-w64/mingw-w64/commit/1690994f515910a31b9fb7c7bd3a52d4ba987abe.

maflcko commented at 3:39 PM on February 5, 2026:

Right. I think it would be good to look into this. At least, to confirm there is no hidden UB

maflcko commented at 1:44 PM on February 6, 2026:

to clarify what needs to be done here:

Remove a case from a switch
Set -Wno-error=switch
Check the assert is hit, not a no-return UB

hebasto commented at 9:59 PM on February 14, 2026:

On Windows 11 Pro:

> cat test.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <cassert>

enum TestEnum {
    CASE_A,
    CASE_B,
    CASE_C
};

int test_no_return_ub(TestEnum e) {
    switch (e) {
        case CASE_A:
                return 1;
        case CASE_B:
                return 2;
    // CASE_C is intentionally missing
    } // no default case, so the compiler can warn about missing cases
    assert(false);
}

int main() {
    int result = test_no_return_ub(CASE_C);
    std::cout << "Result: " << result << std::endl;
    return 0;
}
> clang-cl.exe /std:c++20 -O2 test.cpp -o test.exe
test.cpp(11,13): warning: enumeration value 'CASE_C' not handled in switch [-Wswitch]
   11 |     switch (e) {
      |             ^
test.cpp(19,1): warning: non-void function does not return a value in all control paths [-Wreturn-type]
   19 | }
      | ^
2 warnings generated.
> .\test.exe
Assertion failed: false, file test.cpp, line 18

maflcko commented at 7:45 AM on February 16, 2026:

Thx. So I guess it is fine to proceed here. Would still be nice to report and fix this upstream and/or pick up #26504 again.

DrahtBot removed the label CI failed on Jan 22, 2026

hebasto force-pushed on Jan 22, 2026

hebasto commented at 10:36 PM on January 22, 2026: member

Rebased on top of #34385.

DrahtBot added the label Needs rebase on Feb 5, 2026

fanquake commented at 1:41 PM on February 6, 2026: member

I think I'd be more concept-ACK here, if it included removing support for MSVC, at the same time.

hebasto force-pushed on Feb 12, 2026

DrahtBot removed the label Needs rebase on Feb 12, 2026

DrahtBot added the label CI failed on Feb 12, 2026

hebasto force-pushed on Feb 12, 2026

DrahtBot removed the label CI failed on Feb 12, 2026

in src/util/subprocess.h:741 in e3a1b1d927 outdated

 737 | @@ -738,6 +738,7 @@ struct ArgumentDeducer
 738 |    Popen* popen_ = nullptr;
 739 |  };
 740 |  
 741 | +#ifndef __USING_WINDOWS__

maflcko commented at 12:37 PM on February 17, 2026:

in theory, this could be sumbitted upstream?

hebasto commented at 1:02 PM on February 17, 2026:

I see you has already left a comment in https://github.com/arun11299/cpp-subprocess/pull/127 :)

in CMakeLists.txt:440 in e3a1b1d927 outdated

 460 | -  target_compile_definitions(warn_interface INTERFACE
 461 | -    _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
 462 | -    _SILENCE_CXX17_CODECVT_HEADER_DEPRECATION_WARNING
 463 | -  )
 464 |  else()
 465 | -  try_append_cxx_flags("-Wall" TARGET warn_interface SKIP_LINK)

fanquake commented at 1:32 PM on February 17, 2026:

Why is this being moved?

hebasto commented at 5:16 PM on February 19, 2026:

According to the docs: clang-cl treats -Wall as -Weverything. /W3 above brings -Wall.

And this is specific to the MSVC-style options (covered by the MSVC variable), which includes MSVC and clang-cl.

fanquake commented at 5:20 PM on February 19, 2026:

I can see this getting very fragile and confusing, if flags are now being moved between various else branches of if(MSVC) and if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC") calls, and sometimes that means "stuff for Clang" and sometimes it doesn't.

fanquake commented at 5:21 PM on February 19, 2026:

(especially given nothing is being documented here)

hebasto commented at 5:48 PM on February 19, 2026:

(especially given nothing is being documented here)

It's a bit above: https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/a5a8b9a315f7e9ebb984ece3e940382095b7ffee/CMakeLists.txt#L445-L447

fanquake commented at 5:50 PM on February 19, 2026:

It's a bit above:

Yes, that is somewhat of an issue (documentation isn't near where it's needed/isn't clear what it applies to), but the point of:

I can see this getting very fragile and confusing, if flags are now being moved between various else branches of if(MSVC) and if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC") calls, and sometimes that means "stuff for Clang" and sometimes it doesn't.

still stands regardless.

hebasto commented at 7:04 PM on February 19, 2026:

if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC") is no longer used.

sedited referenced this in commit 097c18239b on Feb 19, 2026

hebasto force-pushed on Feb 19, 2026

maflcko commented at 6:02 PM on February 19, 2026: member

I think I'd be more concept-ACK here, if it included removing support for MSVC, at the same time.

What is the status on this? If MSVC is kept, and MSVC ICEs are a motivation for this pull, it seems there is not much gain, because the ICEs still have to be dealt with. Though maybe I am missing a reason to keep MSVC?

hebasto commented at 6:08 PM on February 19, 2026: member

Though maybe I am missing a reason to keep MSVC?

No, you are not. I'm working on it.

hebasto force-pushed on Feb 19, 2026

hebasto commented at 7:03 PM on February 19, 2026: member

I think I'd be more concept-ACK here, if it included removing support for MSVC, at the same time.

What is the status on this? If MSVC is kept, and MSVC ICEs are a motivation for this pull, it seems there is not much gain, because the ICEs still have to be dealt with. Though maybe I am missing a reason to keep MSVC?

The support for MSVC has been removed.

DrahtBot added the label CI failed on Feb 19, 2026

in CMakeLists.txt:316 in 4f265f43d8 outdated

 328 |  
 329 | -  # Workaround producing large object files, which cannot be handled by the assembler.
 330 | -  # More likely to happen with no, or lower levels of optimisation.
 331 | -  # See discussion in https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/28109.
 332 | -  if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC")
 333 | -    try_append_cxx_flags("/bigobj" TARGET core_interface_debug SKIP_LINK)

fanquake commented at 12:33 PM on February 20, 2026:

Is this no-longer needed with Clang?

hebasto commented at 11:44 AM on February 23, 2026:

Here are the logs for building with the "Debug" build configuration:

The error from before is no longer present.

fanquake commented at 10:40 AM on February 24, 2026:

Ok. Is that because it's not needed with Clang, or the code was refactored, or something else?

hebasto commented at 11:43 AM on February 24, 2026:

I couldn't reproduce the issue when ~cross-compiling on Fedora 43 (using GCC 15.2.1) or~ compiling on Windows (using the older VS 17.x or the new VS 18.3). ~It's probably safe to assume that recent code refactoring has rendered this workaround in the master branch obsolete:~ https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/ab8a7af74209e5d58203af14d9133d14de6a5776/CMakeLists.txt#L313-L321

maflcko commented at 12:01 PM on February 24, 2026:

May as well revert commit 1251a23642025e0440d85bb0d584be0e05d05699 for master then?

hebasto commented at 2:11 PM on February 24, 2026:

Apologies for the confusion, but the issue is still reproducible when cross-compiling on Fedora 43 (using GCC 15.2.1.

fanquake commented at 12:34 PM on February 20, 2026: member

The support for MSVC has been removed.

Should probably add a release note, to state that only building with Clang is supported?

maflcko commented at 12:41 PM on February 20, 2026: member

and update doc/build-windows-msvc.md ?

Maybe it seems better to merge this early for 32.0, than late for 31.0?

hebasto commented at 12:43 PM on February 20, 2026: member

Maybe it seems better to merge this early for 32.0, than late for 31.0?

Yes, this seems prudent.

DrahtBot added this to the milestone 32.0 on Feb 20, 2026

fanquake added the label Needs release note on Feb 20, 2026

hebasto force-pushed on Feb 23, 2026

hebasto commented at 11:47 AM on February 23, 2026: member

The support for MSVC has been removed.

Should probably add a release note, to state that only building with Clang is supported?

Done.

and update doc/build-windows-msvc.md ?

Done as well.

hebasto force-pushed on Feb 23, 2026

fanquake removed the label Needs release note on Feb 24, 2026

DrahtBot removed the label CI failed on Feb 24, 2026

hebasto commented at 10:30 AM on March 13, 2026: member

Friendly ping @davidgumberg @hodlinator :)

hebasto force-pushed on Mar 13, 2026

hebasto commented at 10:34 AM on March 13, 2026: member

Rebased.

DrahtBot added the label Needs rebase on Mar 19, 2026

hebasto force-pushed on Mar 20, 2026

DrahtBot added the label CI failed on Mar 20, 2026

DrahtBot removed the label Needs rebase on Mar 20, 2026

DrahtBot removed the label CI failed on Mar 20, 2026

DrahtBot added the label Needs rebase on Mar 25, 2026

hebasto force-pushed on Mar 25, 2026

hebasto commented at 11:20 PM on March 25, 2026: member

Rebased to resolve a conflict with the merged bitcoin/bitcoin#34883.

DrahtBot removed the label Needs rebase on Mar 26, 2026

DrahtBot added the label Needs rebase on Apr 9, 2026

cmake: Always link `bitcoinqt` to `shlwapi` when building on Windows 461c622cf8

cmake: Link to clang-cl builtins library on Windows 83163ef8b4

cmake: Adjust diagnostic flags for clang-cl

Being compatible with cl.exe, clang-cl supports most of the same
command-line options. These options are typically guarded by the `MSVC`
CMake variable.

Options not supported by clang-cl, such as `/wdNNN`, are now guarded by
`CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "MSVC"`.

Additionally, `-Wno-unused-member-function` is now used when compiling
leveldb with clang-cl.

18a4dd2df5

hebasto force-pushed on Apr 9, 2026

hebasto commented at 1:38 PM on April 9, 2026: member

Rebased to resolve a conflict with the merged bitcoin/bitcoin#35031.

DrahtBot removed the label Needs rebase on Apr 9, 2026

cmake: Drop support for MSVC 63f81bdd2d

doc: Add clang-cl release notes ca165a4ecf

in CMakePresets.json:22 in 6cfa80e20b

  17 | @@ -19,15 +18,14 @@
  18 |        }
  19 |      },
  20 |      {
  21 | -      "name": "vs2026-static",
  22 | -      "displayName": "Build using 'Visual Studio 18 2026' generator and 'x64-windows-static' triplet",
  23 | +      "name": "windows-static",
  24 | +      "displayName": "Build using clang-cl and and 'x64-windows-static' triplet",

maflcko commented at 2:11 PM on April 9, 2026:

“Build using clang-cl and and 'x64-windows-static' triplet” -> “Build using clang-cl and 'x64-windows-static' triplet [Duplicated “and” makes the sentence grammatically wrong and slightly confusing.]

hebasto commented at 2:14 PM on April 9, 2026:

Thanks! Fixed.

hebasto force-pushed on Apr 9, 2026

DrahtBot added the label CI failed on Apr 9, 2026

DrahtBot removed the label CI failed on Apr 9, 2026

fanquake referenced this in commit c274b50867 on May 18, 2026